Consonant
| Romanisation | IPA | Example |
|---|---|---|
| p | p | |
| b | ɓ | |
| ph | f | |
| v | v | |
| m | m | |
| t | t | |
| th | tʰ | |
| đ | ɗ | |
| x, s | s | |
| d, gi, r | z | |
| n | n | |
| l | l | |
| ch, tr | c | |
| nh | ɲ | |
| c, k, q | k | |
| kh | x | |
| g, gh | ɣ | |
| ng, ngh | ŋ | |
| h | h |
Vowel
| Romanisation | IPA | Example |
|---|---|---|
| i, y | i | |
| ê | e | |
| e | ɛ | |
| iê, ia | ie | |
| ư | ɨ | |
| â | ə | |
| ơ | ə: | |
| ă | a | |
| a | a: | |
| ươ, ưa | ɨə | |
| u | u | |
| ô | o | |
| o | ɔ | |
| uô, ua | uo | |
| oa | wa: | |
| oe | wɛ |
Coda
| Romanisation | IPA | Example |
|---|---|---|
| p | p | |
| t | t | |
| c, ch | k | |
| m | m | |
| n | n | |
| ng, nh | ŋ | |
| o, u | w | |
| i, y | j |
Tone
